[SPARK-20791] Use Apache Arrow to Improve Spark createDataFrame from Pandas.DataFrame

• Type: Sub-task
• Status: Resolved
• Priority: Major
• Resolution: Fixed
• Affects Version/s: 2.1.1
• Fix Version/s: 2.3.0
• Component/s: PySpark, SQL
• Assignee: Bryan Cutler
• Reporter: Bryan Cutler
• Created: 18/May/17 00:15
• Updated: 12/Dec/22 18:11
• Resolved: 13/Nov/17 04:16

Description

The current code for creating a Spark DataFrame from a Pandas DataFrame uses `to_records` to convert the DataFrame to a list of records and then converts each record to a list. Following this, there are a number of calls to serialize and transfer this data to the JVM. This process is very inefficient and also discards all schema metadata, requiring another pass over the data to infer types.

Using Apache Arrow, the Pandas DataFrame could be efficiently converted to Arrow data and directly transferred to the JVM to create the Spark DataFrame. The performance will be better and the Pandas schema will also be used so that the correct types will be used.

Issues with the poor type inference have come up before, causing confusion and frustration with users because it is not clear why it fails or doesn't use the same type from Pandas. Fixing this with Apache Arrow will solve another pain point for Python users and the following JIRAs could be closed:

• SPARK-17804
• SPARK-18178

Issue Links

• is blocked by: SPARK-13534 Implement Apache Arrow serializer for Spark DataFrame for use in DataFrame.toPandas
• is blocked by: SPARK-21583 Create a ColumnarBatch with ArrowColumnVectors for row based iteration
• is related to: SPARK-17804 Pandas dtypes are not correctly inferred by pyspark
• is related to: SPARK-18178 Importing Pandas Tables with Missing Values
• is related to: SPARK-11758 Missing Index column while creating a DataFrame from Pandas
• relates to: SPARK-22417 createDataFrame from a pandas.DataFrame reads datetime64 values as longs
• links to: [Github] Pull Request #19459 (BryanCutler)
• links to: [Github] Pull Request #19738 (BryanCutler)