[SPARK-27099] Expose xxHash64 as a flexible 64-bit column hash like `hash` - ASF JIRA

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Details

Type: Improvement
Status: Resolved
Priority: Major
Resolution: Fixed
Affects Version/s: 2.3.3, 2.4.0
Fix Version/s: 3.0.0
Component/s: SQL
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Description

I’m working on something that requires deterministic randomness, i.e. a row gets the same “random” value no matter the order of the DataFrame. A seeded hash seems to be the perfect way to do this, but the existing hashes have various limitations:

hash: 32-bit output (only 4 billion possibilities will result in a lot of collisions for many tables: the birthday paradox implies >50% chance of at least one for tables larger than 77000 rows, and likely ~1.6 billion collisions in a table of size 4 billion)
sha1/sha2/md5: single binary column input, string output

It seems there’s already support for a 64-bit hash function that can work with an arbitrary number of arbitrary-typed columns (XxHash64), which could be exposed as xxHash64 or xxhash64 (or similar).