Description
The [RDF-1.1 specification states that the value space of Literal language tags is lowercase, which does not conflict with the case-insensitive specification in BCP47. The Literal.equals and Literal.hashCode API contracts should specify that language tags must be compared using lowercase, even if they are otherwise stored and returned as upper-case by getLanguageTag. The API currently has incorrect language by saying "character-by-character" for language tag comparisons, as that implies case-sensitive comparisons are used.
The lowercasing must also be done using a locale that is consistent (known example where lowercase and uppercase do not roundtrip as expected for US-ASCII characters is Turkish [1]), so I would recommend actually stating that .toLowerCase(Locale.ENGLISH) is used.
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