Details
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Bug
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Status: Resolved
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Urgent
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Resolution: Fixed
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2.2.10, 3.0.13, 3.11.0, 4.0-alpha1, 4.0
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Apache Cassandra 2.2
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Correctness - Unrecoverable Corruption / Loss
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Critical
Description
This happens for both LeveledCompactionStrategy and SizeTieredCompactionStrategy. I've only tested it on Cassandra version 2.2 but it most likely also affects all Cassandra versions after 2.2, if they have anticompaction with full repair.
When mixing incremental and full repairs, there are a few scenarios where the Data SSTable is marked as unrepaired and the Tombstone SSTable is marked as repaired. Then if it is past gc_grace, and the tombstone and data has been compacted out on other replicas, the next incremental repair will push the Data to other replicas without the tombstone.
Simplified scenario:
3 node cluster with RF=3
Intial config:
Node 1 has data and tombstone in separate SSTables.
Node 2 has data and no tombstone.
Node 3 has data and tombstone in separate SSTables.
Incremental repair (nodetool repair -pr) is run every day so now we have tombstone on each node.
Some minor compactions have happened since so data and tombstone get merged to 1 SSTable on Nodes 1 and 3.
Node 1 had a minor compaction that merged data with tombstone. 1 SSTable with tombstone.
Node 2 has data and tombstone in separate SSTables.
Node 3 had a minor compaction that merged data with tombstone. 1 SSTable with tombstone.
Incremental repairs keep running every day.
Full repairs run weekly (nodetool repair -full -pr).
Now there are 2 scenarios where the Data SSTable will get marked as "Unrepaired" while Tombstone SSTable will get marked as "Repaired".
Scenario 1:
Since the Data and Tombstone SSTable have been marked as "Repaired" and anticompacted, they have had minor compactions with other SSTables containing keys from other ranges. During full repair, if the last node to run it doesn't own this particular key in it's partitioner range, the Data and Tombstone SSTable will get anticompacted and marked as "Unrepaired". Now in the next incremental repair, if the Data SSTable is involved in a minor compaction during the repair but the Tombstone SSTable is not, the resulting compacted SSTable will be marked "Unrepaired" and Tombstone SSTable is marked "Repaired".
Scenario 2:
Only the Data SSTable had minor compaction with other SSTables containing keys from other ranges after being marked as "Repaired". The Tombstone SSTable was never involved in a minor compaction so therefore all keys in that SSTable belong to 1 particular partitioner range. During full repair, if the last node to run it doesn't own this particular key in it's partitioner range, the Data SSTable will get anticompacted and marked as "Unrepaired". The Tombstone SSTable stays marked as Repaired.
Then it’s past gc_grace. Since Node’s #1 and #3 only have 1 SSTable for that key, the tombstone will get compacted out.
Node 1 has nothing.
Node 2 has data (in unrepaired SSTable) and tombstone (in repaired SSTable) in separate SSTables.
Node 3 has nothing.
Now when the next incremental repair runs, it will only use the Data SSTable to build the merkle tree since the tombstone SSTable is flagged as repaired and data SSTable is marked as unrepaired. And the data will get repaired against the other two nodes.
Node 1 has data.
Node 2 has data and tombstone in separate SSTables.
Node 3 has data.
If a read request hits Node 1 and 3, it will return data. If it hits 1 and 2, or 2 and 3, however, it would return no data.
Tested this with single range tokens for simplicity.
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