[ARROW-17813] [Python] Nested ExtensionArray conversion to/from pandas/numpy

• Type: Bug
• Status: Resolved
• Priority: Major
• Resolution: Fixed
• Affects Version/s: 9.0.0
• Fix Version/s: 10.0.0
• Component/s: Python
• Labels: pull-request-available
• External issue URL: https://github.com/apache/arrow/issues/33036
• Assignee: Miles Granger
• Reporter: Chang She
• Created: 22/Sep/22 02:48
• Updated: 11/Jan/23 11:55
• Resolved: 12/Oct/22 13:27

Description

user@ thread: https://lists.apache.org/thread/dhnxq0g4kgdysjowftfv3z5ngj780xpb
repro gist: https://gist.github.com/changhiskhan/4163f8cec675a2418a69ec9168d5fdd9

Arrow => numpy/pandas

For a non-nested array, pa.ExtensionArray.to_numpy automatically "lowers" to the storage type (as expected). However this is not done for nested arrays:

import pyarrow as pa

class LabelType(pa.ExtensionType):

    def __init__(self):
        super(LabelType, self).__init__(pa.string(), "label")

    def __arrow_ext_serialize__(self):
        return b""

    @classmethod
    def __arrow_ext_deserialize__(cls, storage_type, serialized):
        return LabelType()
    
storage = pa.array(["dog", "cat", "horse"])
ext_arr = pa.ExtensionArray.from_storage(LabelType(), storage)
offsets = pa.array([0, 1])
list_arr = pa.ListArray.from_arrays(offsets, ext_arr)
list_arr.to_numpy()

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ArrowNotImplementedError                  Traceback (most recent call last)
Cell In [15], line 1
----> 1 list_arr.to_numpy()

File /mnt/lance/.venv/lance/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyarrow/array.pxi:1445, in pyarrow.lib.Array.to_numpy()

File /mnt/lance/.venv/lance/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pyarrow/error.pxi:121, in pyarrow.lib.check_status()

ArrowNotImplementedError: Not implemented type for Arrow list to pandas: extension<label<LabelType>>

As mentioned on the user thread linked from the top, a fairly generic solution would just have the conversion default to the storage array's to_numpy.

 
pandas/numpy => Arrow

Equivalently, conversion to Arrow is also difficult for nested extension types:

if I have say a pandas DataFrame that has a column of list-of-string and I want to convert that to list-of-label Array. Currently I have to:
1. Convert to list-of-string (storage) numpy array to pa.list_(pa.string())
2. Convert the string values array to ExtensionArray, then reconstitue a list<extension> array using the ExtensionArray combined with the offsets from the result of step 1

import pyarrow as pa
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame({'labels': [["dog", "horse", "cat"], ["person", "person", "car", "car"]]})
list_of_storage = pa.array(df.labels)
ext_values = pa.ExtensionArray.from_storage(LabelType(), list_of_storage.values)
list_of_ext = pa.ListArray.from_arrays(offsets=list_of_storage.offsets, values=ext_values)

For non-nested columns, one can achieve easier conversion by defining a pandas extension dtype, but i don't think that works for a nested column. You would instead have to fallback to something like `pa.ExtensionArray.from_storage` (or `from_pandas`?) to do the trick. Even that doesn't necessarily work for something like a dictionary column because you'd have to pass in the dictionary somehow. Off the cuff, one could provide a custom lambda to `pa.Table.from_pandas` that is used for either specified column names / data types?

Thanks in advance for the consideration!

Issue Links

• relates to: ARROW-17535 [Python] List<Extension> arrays aren't supported in to_pandas calls
• relates to: ARROW-17925 [Python] Use ExtensionScalar.as_py() as fallback in ExtensionArray to_pandas?
• relates to: ARROW-17834 [Python] Allow creating ExtensionArray through pa.array(..) constructor
• links to: GitHub Pull Request #14238