Index: src/main/java/org/apache/jackrabbit/core/query/lucene/NotQuery.java
===================================================================
--- src/main/java/org/apache/jackrabbit/core/query/lucene/NotQuery.java	(revision 1357245)
+++ src/main/java/org/apache/jackrabbit/core/query/lucene/NotQuery.java	(working copy)
@@ -139,6 +139,12 @@
         public Scorer scorer(IndexReader reader, boolean scoreDocsInOrder,
                 boolean topScorer) throws IOException {
             contextScorer = context.weight(searcher).scorer(reader, scoreDocsInOrder, topScorer);
+            if (contextScorer == null) {
+                // context query does not match any node
+                // the inverse is to match all nodes
+                return new MatchAllDocsQuery().createWeight(searcher).scorer(
+                        reader, scoreDocsInOrder, topScorer);
+            }
             return new NotQueryScorer(reader);
         }
 
@@ -185,10 +191,6 @@
             if (docNo == NO_MORE_DOCS) {
                 return docNo;
             }
-            if (contextScorer == null) {
-                docNo = NO_MORE_DOCS;
-                return docNo;
-            }
 
             if (docNo == -1) {
                 // get first doc of context scorer
@@ -229,10 +231,6 @@
             if (docNo == NO_MORE_DOCS) {
                 return docNo;
             }
-            if (contextScorer == null) {
-                docNo = NO_MORE_DOCS;
-                return docNo;
-            }
 
             // optimize in the case of an advance to finish.
             // see https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/JCR-3091
Index: src/test/java/org/apache/jackrabbit/core/query/ChildAxisQueryTest.java
===================================================================
--- src/test/java/org/apache/jackrabbit/core/query/ChildAxisQueryTest.java	(revision 1357245)
+++ src/test/java/org/apache/jackrabbit/core/query/ChildAxisQueryTest.java	(working copy)
@@ -253,6 +253,6 @@
                 + testRootNode.getPath()
                 + "') and not isdescendantnode(a,'"
                 + foo.getPath() + "')";
-        executeSQL2Query(sql, new Node[] {});
+        executeSQL2Query(sql, new Node[] {foo});
     }
 }