Index: src/org/apache/xml/serializer/ToHTMLStream.java
===================================================================
--- src/org/apache/xml/serializer/ToHTMLStream.java	(revision 384120)
+++ src/org/apache/xml/serializer/ToHTMLStream.java	(working copy)
@@ -1312,6 +1312,19 @@
                 // We now we reset the next possible clean character.
                 cleanStart = i + 1;    
             }
+            else if (ch == '&')
+            {
+                // HTML 4.01 reads, "Authors should use "&" (ASCII decimal 38) 
+                // instead of "&" to avoid confusion with the beginning of a character 
+                // reference (entity reference open delimiter). 
+                if (cleanLength > 0)
+                {
+                    writer.write(chars, cleanStart, cleanLength);
+                    cleanLength = 0;
+                } 
+                writer.write("&");
+                cleanStart = i + 1; 
+            }
             else
             {
                 // no processing for this character, just count how