Excel allows cross sheet references with underscores without having to escape the sheet name: e.g: =Cash_Flow!A1 POI's FormulaParser however cannot handle such references because an underscore is not a character letter and isAlpha(char c) returns false. Solution could be to change the method isAlpha(char c) in org.apache.poi.hssf.model.FormulaParser from return Character.isLetter(c) || c == '$'; to return Character.isLetter(c) || c == '$' || c == '_';
Fixed, thanks Tobias. Please verify.